Evaluation and Monitoring of Seepage and Internal Erosion (FEMA P-1032)

This resource addresses internal erosion processes in embankment dams and levees, focusing on monitoring, measuring, and mitigating seepage and internal erosion. It summarizes current federal practices for internal erosion monitoring, identification of potential failure modes, risk assessment, and risk reduction strategies. The document provides historical context, failure statistics, notable failures, and detailed explanations of internal erosion mechanisms such as concentrated leak erosion, backward erosion piping, internal instability, and stoping. It also defines key terminology and offers conceptual frameworks for analyzing potential failure modes.